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Figure 2 | Environmental Health

Figure 2

From: Activation of inflammatory responses in human U937 macrophages by particulate matter collected from dairy farms: an in vitro expression analysis of pro-inflammatory markers

Figure 2

Effect of various inhibitors on dairy PM-induced mRNA expression of IL-8. To measure the ability to neutralize the TLR4-mediated PM response on U937 macrophages, 0.5 μg/ml of this TLR4 antibody (α-TLR4) was incubated with cells for 1 hour at 37°C. To inhibit activation of NF-κB or AhR, cells were pre-incubated with SC514 (5 μM) or MNF (5 μM) for 1 hr. To neutralize LPS cells were treated with 10 μg/ml Polymyxin B-treated PM C (PM C + PMB). Following pre-incubation, PM C from dairy #57 (10 μg/ml) was added. After 6 hr, cells were harvested to analyze IL-8 mRNA expression via real-time PCR and results were normalized to β-actin and given as fold increase compared to the mRNA level in control cells (= 1). Values are given as mean ± SD. *Significantly increased compared to control cells (p < 0.05); **Significantly lower than PM-treated cells (p < 0.05).

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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X