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Table 2 Characteristics of cases and controls in the main NCI-SEER non-Hodgkin lymphoma study and in analysis of residential proximity to dioxin-emitting facilities (number [percent], except where indicated)a

From: Residential proximity to industrial combustion facilities and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a case–control study

 

NCI-SEER NHL study

Study of residential proximity to dioxin-emitting facilitiesb

 

Cases (n = 1321)

Controls (n = 1057)

Cases (n = 969)

Controls (n = 749)

NHL Subtype

    

Diffuse large B-cell

417 (32)

 

304 (31)

 

Follicular

318 (24)

 

227 (23)

 

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic

133 (10)

 

102 (11)

 

Marginal zone

106 (8)

 

82 (8)

 

Other

172 (13)

 

128 (13)

 

NOS lymphoma

175 (13)

 

126 (13)

 

Age (years), median (IQR)

58 (48–67)

61 (50–68)

61 (50–68)

63 (53–69)

Gender

    

Male

711 (54)

546 (52)

509 (53)

377 (50)

Female

610 (46)

511 (48)

460 (47)

372 (50)

Race

    

Only White

1123 (85)

843 (80)

844 (87)

618 (83)

Any Black

110 (8)

151 (14)

75 (8)

99 (13)

Other/unknown

86 (7)

63 (6)

50 (5)

32 (4)

Education level, years

    

<12

128 (10)

111 (11)

92 (9)

81 (11)

12-15

815 (62)

616 (58)

616 (64)

444 (59)

16+

377 (29)

330 (31)

261 (27)

224 (30)

Study Center

    

Detroit

319 (24)

214 (20)

227 (23)

161 (22)

Iowa

361 (27)

276 (26)

282 (29)

216 (29)

Los Angeles

319 (24)

273 (26)

219 (23)

172 (23)

Seattle

322 (24)

294 (28)

241 (25)

200 (27)

Occupational exposure to dioxins

    

Ever worked in an industry with potential dioxin exposure

27 (2.0)

13 (1.2)

20 (2.1)

9 (1.2)

Potential sources of non-industrial exposure to dioxins

    

Average population density (people per square mile), median (IQR)

4281 (1503–7107)

4233 (1339–7572)

4261 (1369–7191)

4129 (1277–7803)

Duration of living within 400m of a freight route, years; median, IQR

0.5 (0–13)

0 (0–13)

4.5 (0–15)

4.5 (0–15)

Sources of dietary exposure to dioxins c

n = 464

n = 389

n = 316

n = 258

Meat, g/day, median (IQR)

140 (93–196)

130 (89–182)

133 (92–185)

129 (84–181)

Fish, g/day, median (IQR)

2.2 (0–6.5)

2.8 (0–6.5)

2.8 (0–6.5)

2.8 (0–6.5)

Saturated fat, mg/day, median (IQR)

24 (18–32)

22 (15–31)

23 (18–31)

23 (15–32)

  1. IQR interquartile range.
  2. aPercentages do not add to 100 due to missing data; 1 case in the main study was missing education information.
  3. bParticipants with ≥70% of person-years 15 years before diagnosis/reference year with verified GPS and/or geocoded street address (including street intersections).
  4. cDietary questionnaires were available for a subset of the population as indicated in the table.
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X