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Table 1 Demographic characteristics, health outcomes and sources of air pollution exposure of the study participants ( n = 3424 )

From: Association between wheeze and selected air pollution sources in an air pollution priority area in South Africa: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Total

Percentage

Sex of child

  

Female

1790

52.3

Male

1634

47.7

Missing

-

-

Wheeze ever

  

Yes

1081

31.6

No

2343

68.4

Missing

-

-

Current wheeze

  

Yes

619

18.2

No

2789

81.4

Missing

16

0.47

Current severe wheeze

  

Yes

417

12.1

No

3007

87.8

Missing

-

-

Residential area

  

Kempton Park

1117

32.6

Tembisa

2301

67.2

Missing

6

0.2

Period lived in the residential area

  

<6 months

253

7.4

6 - 12 months

216

6.3

1 - 2 years

346

10.1

≥3 years

2609

76.2

Missing

-

-

Mode of transport to schools

  

Walk

1728

50.5

Informal taxi\bus

708

20.1

Car

683

20

Combination car and informal taxi

201

5.9

Train

100

2.9

Missing

4

0.1

Residential cooking fuel type most frequently used

  

Electricity

2995

87.5

Gas

179

5.2

Paraffin

200

5.8

Open fires (wood, coal)

30

0.9

Missing

20

0.6

Residential heating fuel type most frequently used

  

Electricity

2041

59.6

Gas

426

12.4

Paraffin

631

18.4

Open fires (wood, coal)

270

7.9

Missing

56

1.6

Frequency of trucks passing near homes on weekdays

  

Never

563

16.4

Seldom

1033

30.2

Frequently through the day

580

16.9

Almost all day

1212

35.4

Missing

36

1.1

ETS exposure at school in the past 30 days

  

No

1452

42.4

Yes

1177

34.4

Missing

795

23.2

ETS exposure at residence in the past 30 days

  

No

1460

42.6

Yes

1452

42.4

Missing

512

15

Active tobacco smoker in the past 12 months

  

Yes

100

2.9

No

3274

95.6

Missing

50

1.5