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Table 3 Small for gestational age and average VOC exposure, entire pregnancy, Camp Lejeune, 1968-1985

From: Evaluation of contaminated drinking water and preterm birth, small for gestational age, and birth weight at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina: a cross-sectional study

Exposure

Small for gestation age

OR (95% CI)

p value

No #, %

Yes #, %

Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)

    

No exposure

3246, 31.4

476, 30.2

1.0 (ref.)

 

>0- < 35.8 ppb

3558, 34.5

531, 33.7

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

0.80

≥35.8- < 52.7 ppb

1730, 16.8

309, 19.6

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

0.01

≥52.7- < 81.4 ppb

1075, 10.4

154, 9.8

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

0.81

≥ 81.4 ppb

713, 6.9

104, 6.6

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

0.96

Trichloroethylene (TCE)

    

No exposure

1891, 18.3

238, 15.1

1.0 (ref.)

 

>0- < 1.7 ppb

4306, 41.7

676, 42.9

1.2 (1.1-1.5)

0.01

≥1.7- < 3.2 ppb

2057, 19.9

326, 20.7

1.3 (1.1-1.5)

0.01

≥3.2- < 9.8 ppb

1248, 12.1

180, 11.4

1.1 (1.0-1.4)

0.20

≥ 9.8 ppb

820, 7.9

154, 9.8

1.5 (1.2-1.9)

<0.01

Benzene

    

No exposure

7356, 71.3

1107, 70.3

1.0 (ref.)

 

>0- < 1 ppb

2335, 22.6

356, 22.6

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

0.84

≥ 1 ppb

631, 6.1

111, 7.1

1.2 (0.9-1.5)

0.15