Table 3 Univariate analyses of relations between quantitative ultrasound bone measurements and risk factors for osteoporosis (n = 153)
BUA (dB/MHz) | SOS (m/sec) | Stiffness index (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | p-value* | Mean ± SD | p-value* | Mean ± SD | p-value* | |
Smoking habits | ||||||
Smoker | 107.2 ± 11.5 | 0.025 | 1521.9 ± 27.3 | 0.409 | 77.5 ± 14.5 | 0.099 |
Former and never smoker | 110.9 ± 7.7 | 1525.9 ± 22.4 | 81.1 ± 10.5 | |||
Physical activity | ||||||
Sedentary | 107.2 ± 10.9 | 0.075 | 1520.6 ± 25.2 | 0.064 | 77.2 ± 13.4 | 0.048 |
Active | 110.8 ± 10.0 | 1529.5 ± 28.0 | 82.1 ± 13.7 | |||
Dairy products | ||||||
0 to 2/day | 108.4 ± 10.8 | 0.668 | 1523.3 ± 26.6 | 0.767 | 78.7 ± 13.7 | 0.713 |
≥3/day | 107.6 ± 10.8 | 1521.9 ± 25.2 | 77.8 ± 13.5 | |||
Calcium supplement | ||||||
Yes | 114.2 ± 5.6 | 0.001 | 1527.8 ± 22.0 | 0.485 | 83.9 ± 9.2 | 0.130 |
No | 107.6 ± 11.0 | 1522.5 ± 26.5 | 78.0 ± 13.9 | |||
Menopause | ||||||
Yes | 106.7 ± 9.9 | 0.024 | 1518.9 ± 24.7 | 0.001 | 76.3 ± 12.6 | 0.003 |
No | 112.8 ± 13.5 | 1540.4 ± 28.9 | 86.5 ± 16.3 | |||
Current HRT use | ||||||
Yes | 117.1 ± 9.7 | 0.002 | 1546.9 ± 20.0 | < 0.001 | 91.3 ± 10.8 | < 0.001 |
No | 107.3 ± 10.5 | 1520.7 ± 25.6 | 77.3 ± 13.2 | |||
Former contraceptive use | ||||||
Yes | 112.1 ± 9.8 | < 0.001 | 1534.3 ± 25.1 | < 0.001 | 84.3 ± 12.7 | < 0.001 |
No | 105.4 ± 10.6 | 1515.1 ± 24.0 | 74.5 ± 12.8 | |||