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Table 1 Exposure and Population Statistics for Counties in Southeastern Michigan Study Area

From: Arsenic in drinking water and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease in Michigan: a standardized mortality ratio analysis

 

Genesee County

Huron County

Lapeer County

Sanilac County

Shiawassee County

Tuscola County

Six Counties Combined

Remainder of Michigan

Number of Groundwater Samples Analyzed

2,768

2,068

2,419

729

822

445

9,251

23,691

% of Population Drinking Groundwater

50%

84%

82%

95%

100%

100%

68%

44%

Population-weighted Mean Arsenic Concentration (μg/L)

10.42

12.21

19.26

9.97

6.66

8.08

11.00

2.98

Population-weighted Median Arsenic Concentration (μg/L)

8.48

3.50

11.98

4.61

3.91

3.32

7.58

1.27

Population Size

430,459

34,951

74,768

39,928

69,770

55,498

705,383

8,589,914

White Race (%)

78%

99%

98%

98%

98%

97%

86%

74%

Residing in a Rural Area (%)

21%

90%

86%

100%

66%

88%

44%

30%

Lived in Same County 5 Years Earlier (%)

90%

89%

78%

82%

84%

85%

87%

83%

Population (above age 25) with at Least a Bachelor's Degree

13%

9%

9%

8%

10%

8%

11%

17%

Persons Below Poverty Level (%)

16%

15%

8%

14%

11%

13%

14%

13%

Median Household Income

$31,030

$21,852

$35,874

$23,107

$30,283

$27,374

$30,332

$31,020

  1. Arsenic data collected from 1983–2002, provided by Michigan Department of Environmental Quality.
  2. US Maximum Contaminant Limit for public drinking water supplies is 10 μg/L.
  3. Population statistics from US Census, 1990.