Table 1 Characteristics of the included populations
Greenland n = 429 | Kharkiv n = 200 | Warsaw n = 49 | |
|---|---|---|---|
Reproductive outcomes | |||
Miscarriages a | 23.6% | 18.0% | 61.4% |
Stillbirths a | 1.0% | 0.4% | 4.0% |
Induced abortions b | 32.7% | 7.8% | 0% |
Ectopic pregnancies b | 1.0% | 0.5% | 1.0% |
Fetal loss c | 24.7% | 18.1% | 65.5% |
Exposure | |||
CB-153 ng/g lipid mean (SD) | 182 (229) | 34 (19) | 11 (9) |
DDE ng/g lipid mean (SD) | 451 (463) | 783 (494) | 433 (304) |
Potential confounders | |||
Age mean (SD) d | 28 (6) | 29 (5) | 30 (4) |
BMI (kg/m2) mean (SD) | 24.4 (4.4) | 22.4 (3.1) | 22.2 (3.6) |
Previous pregnancies mean (SD) | 2.7 (2.0) | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.3 (0.5) |
Urogenital inflammation | 86.7% | 8.5% | 12.2% |
Urogenital disease | 8.6% | 8.5% | 26.5% |
Smoking e | 86% | 36% | 37% |
> 14 drinks of alcohol/week | 11% | 0.5% | 0% |
Chronic disease | 2.6% | 8.5% | 12.2% |
More than two previous induced abortions | 42% | 5.5% | 0% |