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Table 1 Socio-demographic comparison of partners with a singleton live birth (n = 233),a LIFE Study

From: Parental urinary biomarkers of preconception exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates in relation to birth outcomes

Characteristic

Mothers

Fathers

Age (years): mean ± SD†

29.8 ± 3.7

31.5 ± 4.6

Body mass index (kg/m2): mean ± SD†

26.4 ± 6.6

28.9 ± 4.7

Race/Ethnicity: n (%)

  

 Non-Hispanic White

194 (84.0)

197 (84.9)

 Non-Hispanic Black

2 (0.9)

4 (1.7)

 Hispanic

20 (8.7)

20 (8.6)

 Other

15 (6.4)

11 (4.8)

Education: n (%)

  

 < High school

0 (0)

2 (0.9)

 High school

9 (3.9)

5 (2.2)

 College

222 (96.1)

224 (97.8)

Smoking status: n (%)†

  

 Active (cotinine ≥ 100 ng/ml)

11 (4.7)

24 (10.3)

 Passive (cotinine < 100 ng/ml)

222 (95.3)

209 (89.7)

Alcohol use: n (%)†

  

 No

52 (22.3)

31 (13.3)

 Yes

181 (77.7)

201 (86.7)

History of diabetes: n (%)

  

 No

232 (99.6)

232 (99.6)

 Yes

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

History of hypertension: n (%)

  

 No

226 (97.0)

213 (91.8)

 Yes

7 (3.0)

19 (8.2)

History of chronic infections: n (%)

  

 No

232 (99.6)

232 (99.6)

 Yes

1 (0.4)

1 (0.4)

  1. aMissing covariate data is not reflected in this table
  2. †p < 0.05 from independent t-test for continuous characteristics or chi-square test for categorical characteristics