Table 3 Mixed linear effects models estimating percent changes in HRV measures according to one standard deviation increases in BC and PM2.5 levelsa,b
Exposure duration | HRV parameter | BC | PM2.5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | % change | 95Â % CI | % change | 95Â % CI |
3 days | HF | −2.1 | −4.8, 0.6 | −35.5 | −63.0, 12.5 |
|  | LF | −1.0 | −3.3, 1.4 | −31.7 | −57.5, 9.5 |
|  | SDNN | −0.4 | −1.5, 0.8 | −11.5 | −29.6, 11.4 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.1 | −0.6, 2.9 | 6.5 | −25.4, 52.0 |
7 days | HF | −1.9 | −4.3, 0.6 | 4.3 | −31.2, 58.2 |
|  | LF | −0.7 | −2.8, 1.5 | 9.4 | −23.4, 56.1 |
|  | SDNN | −0.4 | −1.4, 0.6 | 3.1 | −13.2, 22.4 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.1 | −0.5, 2.7 | 4.4 | 20.1, 36.4 |
14 days | HF | −2.2 | −4.5, 0.3 | 1.1 | −30.5, 47.1 |
|  | LF | −0.9 | −2.9, 1.2 | 15.6 | −16.2, 59.4 |
|  | SDNN | −0.4 | −1.4, 0.6 | 6.6 | −8.7, 24.5 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.3 | −0.3, 2.9 | 13.1 | −10.8, 43.5 |
21 days | HF | −2.2 | −4.4, 0.1 | −6.8 | −34.5, 32.6 |
|  | LF | −1.2 | −3.2, 0.9 | 15.0 | −15.0, 55.6 |
|  | SDNN | −0.6 | −1.6, 0.4 | 6.8 | −7.6, 23.5 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.1 | −0.5, 2.7 | 21.6 | −2.7, 51.9 |
28 days | HF | −2.3 | −4.6, −0.02 | −8.2 | −34.8, 29.2 |
|  | LF | −1.0 | −3.0, 1.0 | 22.4 | −8.6, 64.1 |
|  | SDNN | −0.5 | −1.5, 0.4 | 7.8 | −6.3, 24.0 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.3 | −0.2, 2.8 | 31.4 | 5.9, 63.0 |
56 days | HF | −2.3 | −4.6, −0.1 | −13.1 | −34.6, 15.4 |
|  | LF | −1.0 | −3.0, 1.0 | 11.2 | −13.0, 42.0 |
|  | SDNN | −0.7 | −1.6, 0.3 | 2.5 | −8.9, 15.4 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.3 | −0.2, 2.8 | 25.0 | 4.5, 49.6 |
84 days | HF | −2.0 | −4.2, 0.2 | −2.6 | −24.3, 25.4 |
|  | LF | −0.9 | −2.8, 1.1 | 16.1 | −6.6, 44.1 |
|  | SDNN | −0.7 | −1.6, 0.3 | 6.0 | −4.5, 17.7 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 1.2 | −0.3, 2.6 | 16.2 | −1.0, 36.5 |
1 year | HF | −0.3 | −2.1, 1.6 | 1.7 | −14.6, 21.2 |
|  | LF | −0.2 | −1.7, 1.4 | 23.6 | 6.0, 44.1 |
|  | SDNN | −0.1 | −0.9, 0.7 | 7.0 | −0.5, 15.1 |
|  | Ratio (LF:HF) | 0.04 | −1.1, 1.2 | 21.0 | 8.6, 34.8 |