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Fig. 2 | Environmental Health

Fig. 2

From: Direct measurement of Bisphenol A (BPA), BPA glucuronide and BPA sulfate in a diverse and low-income population of pregnant women reveals high exposure, with potential implications for previous exposure estimates: a cross-sectional study

Fig. 2

Median Urinary Total BPA levels (ng/mL) in studies1 of pregnant women. 1. Samples sizes: Current study, n = 112; United States (NHANES) [22], n = 86; Massachusetts [62], n = 84; Ohio [63], n = 244; New York [64], n = 198; Ohio [27], n = 339; New York [65], n = 404; California [25], n = 491; Canada [66], n = 1,876; Pennsylvania [67], n = 10; Puerto Rico [68], n = 105; Mexico [43], n = 60; France [44]), n = 287; Spain [69], n = 120; Netherlands [70], n = 100; Australia [71], n = 26; Korea [72], n = 757; China [73], n = 567.2. Total BPA = BPA + BPA in glucuronide form + BPA in sulfate form. 3.BPA in glucuronide form = BPA glucuronide*0.5614. BPA in sulfate form = BPA sulfate*0.7404. The factors 0.5614 and 0.7404 are the ratios of the molecular weight of BPA to the molecular weights of BPA glucuronide and BPA sulfate, respectively

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