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Table 1 Urinary levels of BPA analytes in second trimester pregnant women, Northern and Central California, 2009–2011 (n = 112)

From: Direct measurement of Bisphenol A (BPA), BPA glucuronide and BPA sulfate in a diverse and low-income population of pregnant women reveals high exposure, with potential implications for previous exposure estimates: a cross-sectional study

   

Percentile

 
 

n (%) >LODa

GM (GSD)

5th

25th

50th

75th

95th

Range

Creatinine-adjusted (μg/g)

Total BPAb

112 (100)

6.16 (1.77)

0.61

1.69

3.97

13.87

196.65

0.37 - 1,347.50

 BPA

98 (88)

0.21 (1.39)

<LOD

0.08

0.25

0.55

1.61

<LOD - 16.96

 BPA glucuronide

111 (99)

6.77 (1.90)

0.60

2.16

4.67

15.31

249.76

<LOD - 2,019.33

 BPA in glucuronide formc

111 (99)

3.82 (1.90)

0.34

1.22

2.64

8.64

140.99

<LOD - 1,139.91

 BPA sulfate

84 (75)

0.62 (2.73)

<LOD

0.05

0.42

3.54

80.35

<LOD - 279.77

 BPA in sulfate formc

84 (75)

0.46 (2.73)

<LOD

0.04

0.31

2.62

59.49

<LOD - 207.14

Unadjusted (ng/mL)

Total BPAb

112 (100)

7.69 (1.74)

0.88

2.28

4.61

19.49

250.06

0.35 - 539.63

 BPA

98 (88)

0.26 (1.20)

<LOD

0.10

0.29

0.66

1.51

<LOD - 4.41

 BPA glucuronide

111 (99)

8.45 (1.93)

0.57

2.49

6.74

21.08

359.41

<LOD - 683.42

 BPA in glucuronide formc

111 (99)

4.77 (1.93)

0.32

1.41

3.80

11.90

202.89

<LOD - 385.79

 BPA sulfate

84 (75)

0.77 (2.71)

0.04

0.04

0.49

5.97

109.24

0.04 - 271.16

 BPA in sulfate formc

84 (75)

0.57 (2.71)

0.03

0.03

0.37

4.42

80.88

0.03 - 200.77

  1. GM geometric mean, GSD geometric standard deviation, LOD limit of detection
  2. aLOD = 0.05 ng/mL for BPA and BPA glucuronide and LOD = 0.025 ng/mL for BPA sulfate
  3. bTotal BPA = BPA + BPA in glucuronide form + BPA in sulfate form
  4. cBPA in glucuronide form = BPA glucuronide*0.5614. BPA in sulfate form = BPA sulfate*0.7404. The factors 0.5614 and 0.7404 are the ratios of the molecular weight of BPA to the molecular weights of BPA glucuronide and BPA sulfate, respectively