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Table 3 Model estimates for the association between maternal total urinary BPA (log10 ng/mL) concentration and infant salivary cortisol concentration (natural log μg/dL): n = 132

From: Prenatal bisphenol a exposure and dysregulation of infant hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function: findings from the APrON cohort study

 

Model 1: BPA

Model 2: BPA with sex

Model 3: BPA with sex and creatinine

Fixed Effects

β Coefficient (95% CI)

% change (95% CI)

β Coefficient (95% CI)

% change (95% CI)

β Coefficient (95% CI)

% change (95% CI)

INTERCEPT (baseline cortisol)

.31 (.12, .49)

GM = .37 μg/dL at baseline

.31 (.12, .50)

GM = .38 μg/dL at baseline for females

.31 (.12, .50)

GM = .38 μg/dL at baseline for females

Time of day for urine collection (hours)

.001 (−.006, .008)

 

.002 (−.005, .009)

 

.002 (−.005, .009)

 

Gestational age at urine collection (weeks)

−.004 (−.01, .003)

 

−.005 (−.01, .003)

 

−.005 (−.01, .003)

 

Gestational age at birth (weeks)

−.005 (−.02, .01)

 

−.006 (−.02, .01)

 

−.005 (−.02, .01)

 

Creatinine (mmol/L)

    

.0001 (−.005, .005)

 

Infant Sex

  

−.02 (−.07, .03)

 

−.02 (−.07, .03)

 

BPA (log10 ng/mL)

.002 (−.08, .08)

.2% (−.8, .8) increase per 10-fold increase in BPA at baseline

.13 (.01, .26)

14% (.7, 30) increase per 10-fold increase in BPA at baseline for females

.13 (−.01, .28)

14% (−1, 32) increase per 10-fold increase in BPA at baseline for females

BPA X sex

  

−.22 (−.39, −.05)

−20% (−32, −5) difference between males and females; net effect is 8.1% decrease per 10-fold increase in BPA at baseline for males

−.22 (−.39, −.05)

−20% (−32, −5) difference between males and females; net effect is a 9% decrease per 10-fold increase in BPA at baseline for males

TIME 2 (hours)

−.33 (−.47, −.18)

 

−.33 (−.48, −.18)

 

−.33 (−.48, −.18)

 

TIME (hours)

.31 (.19, .44)

37% (21, 55) increase per hour

.32 (.19, .46)

38% (21, 58) increase per hour for females

.32 (.19, .45)

38% (21, 57) per hour for females

Gestational age at birth (weeks)

−.02 (−.04, .01)

 

−.02 (−.04, .01)

 

−.02 (−.04, .01)

 

Creatinine (mmol/L)

    

.003 (−.005, .01)

 

Infant Sex

  

−.03 (−.11, .05)

−3% (−10, 5) difference between males and females; net effect is 34% increase per hour in males

−.02 (−.11, .06)

−3% (−10, 5) difference between males and females; net effect is 34% increase per hour in males

BPA (log10 ng/mL)

.02 (−.11, .15)

2% (−10, 17) per hour per 10-fold increase in BPA

−.15 (−.35, .05)

−14% (−30, 5) decrease per hour for females per 10-fold increase in BPA

−.20 (−.43, .03)

−18% (−35, 3) decrease per hour for females per 10-fold increase in BPA

BPA X sex

  

.30 (.04, .56)

35% (4, 75) difference between males and females; net effect is a 17% per hour increase in males per 10-fold increase in BPA

.33 (.06, .60)

39% (6, 82) difference between males and females; net effect is a 15% per hour increase in males per 10-fold increase in BPA

  1. Note. Time was centered at baseline; sex was centered at female; all other variables were centered at the grand mean. Because total BPA was log10 transformed, the interpretation of the estimates are per 10-fold change in BPA