Genome-wide DNA methylation at birth in relation to in utero arsenic exposure and the associated health in later life

Table 3 Distribution of creatinine-adjusted concentrations of urinary arsenic species (iAs, MMA, and DMA) (n = 64)

Exposure variables^a\Percentile^b	Min	5th	25th	50th	75th	95th	Max
As metabolites (μg g⁻¹ crea)
MMA	0.06	0.08	0.19	0.40 (1.10)^c	1.67	6.14	28.5
DMA	0.07	3.09	11.27	20.73 (14.58)	29.5	70.75	129.1
iAs	0.11	0.19	0.41	0.83 (0.61)	1.33	4.74	6.55
tAs	0.34	3.76	12.09	23.19 (16.29)	33.29	76.02	137.5

^aAbbreviations: iAs represents the sum of As³⁺ and As⁵⁺; MMA: methylarsonic acid; DMA: dimethylarsinic acid; tAs: the sum of iAs, MMA, and DMA; μg g⁻¹ crea: μg per g creatinine
^bPregnant women from Maternal Infant cohort in Taiwan (n = 64). Limit of detection for As³⁺ is 0.09 μg/L, As⁵⁺ is 0.05 μg/L, for MMA it is 0.05 μg/L and for DMA it is 0.04 μg/L
^cThe values inside parenthesis are the average value of unadjusted arsenic expressed as μg/L

ISSN: 1476-069X