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Table 5 Determinants of U-Cd in models based on U-SG adjustment

From: The physiological determinants of low-level urine cadmium: an assessment in a cross-sectional study among schoolchildren

  

U-Cd (μg/l) adjusted to U-SG

U-Cd (μg/l) with U-SG as predictor

Model

n

Ind. variable

Regression coefficient (95% CI)

P

r2

Ind. variable

Regression coefficient (95% CI)

P

r2

With U-A1M

249

U-Zn

0.20 (0.12 to 0.28)

<0.001

0.13

U-SG

34.8 (23.5 to 46.1)

<0.001

0.51

  

Age

0.07 (0.02 to 0.13)

0.01

 

U-Zn

0.20 (0.11 to 0.29)

<0.001

 
  

U-A1M

0.07 (0.01 to 0.13)

0.03

 

Age

0.08 (0.02 to 0.13)

0.008

 
      

U-A1M

0.07 (0.01 to 0.14)

0.02

 
      

U-Pb

0.06 (−0.01 to 0.14)

0.10

 

With U-RBP

249

U-Zn

0.19 (0.10 to 0.27)

<0.001

0.12

U-SG

34.0 (22.5 to 45.5)

<0.001

0.51

  

Age

0.07 (0.02 to 0.13)

0.01

 

U-Zn

0.18 (0.09 to 0.27)

<0.001

 
  

U-RBP

0.08 (−0.002 to 0.16)

0.06

 

Age

0.07 (0.02 to 0.13)

0.01

 
      

U-RBP

0.09 (0.01 to 0.18)

0.02

 
      

U-Pb

0.06 (−0.01 to 0.14)

0.10

 

With U- β2-m

238

U-Zn

0.20 (0.12 to 0.29)

<0.001

0.11

U-SG

39.4 (28.1 to 50.6)

<0.001

0.50

  

Age

0.07 (0.01 to 0.12)

0.02

 

U-Zn

0.20 (0.11 to 0.29)

<0.001

 
      

Age

0.07 (0.01 to 0.13)

0.02

 
      

U-Pb

0.07 (−0.001 to 0.14)

0.09

 

With U-CC16

182

U-Zn

0.17 (0.06 to 0.27)

<0.001

0.09

U-SG

30.4 (17.4 to 43.4)

<0.001

0.42

  

U-Pb

0.08 (0.003 to 0.17)

0.042

 

U-Zn

0.19 (0.09 to 0.30)

<0.001

 
      

U-Pb

0.09 (0.006 to 0.17)

0.04

 
  1. All parameters except age were log transformed. Independent variables measured in urine were expressed in the same units as U-Cd. For models built with variables adjusted to U-SG, the highest variance inflation factors (VIF) were 1.001 (U-A1M) in the model with U-A1M, 1.053 (U-Zn) in the model with U-RBP, 1.001 (U-Zn and age) in the model with U-β2-m and 1.005 (U-Zn and U-CC16) in the model with U-CC16. For the models built with U-Cd in μg/l with U-SG among predictors, the highest VIF values were 1.98 (U-SG) in the model with U-A1M, 2.05 (U-SG) in the model with U-RBP, 1.86 (U-SG) in the model with U-β2-m and 1.85 (U-SG) in the model with U-CC16. Contrarily to what is observed with U-Creat, there is no residual correlation between SG-adjusted U-Cd and U-SG, which explains that adding U-SG among independent variables does not change the models based on variables adjusted U-SG
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Environmental Health

ISSN: 1476-069X