Table 1 Profiles of the mother-newborn pairs in this study (n = 263)
From: Maternal urinary 2-hydroxynaphthalene and birth outcomes in Taiyuan, China
Variables | Mean ± SD or N (%) |
|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | |
Age (years) | 27.3 ± 4.2 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 3.2 |
Parity (n > 1) | 72 (27.4%) |
Education status | |
Middle school and below | 84 (31.9%) |
High school | 62 (23.6%) |
College and above | 117 (44.5%) |
aEconomic status | |
Below poverty line | 61 (23.2%) |
Above poverty line | 202 (76.8%) |
Eating grilled meat (yes) | 146 (55.5%) |
Passive smoking (yes) | 151 (57.4%) |
Heating type (self-provided) | 65 (24.7%) |
Cooking during pregnancy (yes) | 117 (44.5%) |
*Arterial traffic (< 35 m) | 150 (57.0%) |
bUrinary phenol (μg/mL) | 3.7 (1.7, 8.7) |
Newborn characteristics | |
Gender (female) | 118 (44.9%) |
Birth weight (BW) (g) | 3397.2 ± 429.8 |
Birth length (BL) (cm) | 50.7 ± 1.9 |
Birth head circumference (BHC) (cm) | 34.4 ± 1.4 |
Gestational age (days) | 278.7 ± 7.6 |
Ponderal index (PI) (g/cm3) | 2.6 ± 0.3 |
Cephalization index (CI) (g/cm) | 102.7 ± 11.2 |
bCord blood lead (ng/mL) | 24.7 (19.6, 31.2) |