Table 1 Variables, definitions and data sources
Variables | Definition | Data sources | Data year | Level considered |
|---|---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 death rate in hospitals | Number of cumulated COVID-19 deaths in hospitals expressed per 100 000 people | Ministry of Health https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/donnees-hospitalieres-relatives-a-lepidemie-de-covid-19/ | 2020 | Department |
Availability of healthcare services | ||||
 Number of resuscitation beds | Number of resuscitation beds expressed per 100 000 people | Ministry of Health | 2018 | Department |
 Number of intensive care beds | Number of intensive care beds expressed per 100 000 people | Ministry of Health | 2018 | Department |
 Physicians density | Number of physicians divided by the department area | Ministry of Health | 2018 | Department |
Socio-spatial factors | ||||
 %People aged 60 +  | Proportion of the population 60 years of age or older | Eurostat | 2019 | Department |
 %Males | Proportion of male sex in population | Eurostat | 2019 | Department |
 %Unemployment | Proportion of adults unemployed adults | Eurostat | 2019 | Department |
 %Urban population | Proportion of people living in the greater urban areas (per cent) | FNORS/STATISS 2019, version of May 18, 2020 | 2016 | Department |
 Rate of poverty | Rate of monetary poverty (per cent) | FNORS | 2016 | Department |
 Population density | Number of people by square kilometer | Eurostat | 2019 | Department |
 Population size | Size of population for each department (by thousand) | Eurostat | 2019 | Department |
Health risk factors | ||||
 Standardized Prevalence rate of Diabetes | Standardized prevalence rate of pharmacologically treated diabetes (all types) (%) | https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/diabete | 2018 | Department |
Environmental factors | ||||
 PM2.5 | Particle matter 2.5 (micro g / m3) | Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) | 1999–2016 | Department |
 Temperature | Annual average of temperature (°C) | World climate | 2001–2012 | Department |