Population | Humans of age 3–17 years at time of IQ test with toxicant exposure measured during the prenatal or early postnatal period (up to age six); |
Exposure | Exposure to one of the six neurotoxicants (lead, mercury, PCBs, PBDEs, OPPs, and phthalates; level of toxicant exposure was determined through an individualized biomarker (e.g., blood, hair, urine) |
Comparator | Children with lower levels of lead, mercury, PCBs, PBDEs, OPPS, or phthalates |
Outcome | IQ measured in individual children at ages 3–17 years. IQ assessments include (but are not limited to): Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, and the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) |
Study Design | Empirical epidemiological studies excluding case studies |